Emotion- Definition and Dimension
Emotions
Emotions are intense feeling that are directed at someone or something. In contrast to emotions, there is mood that refers to feelings that tend to be less intense than emotions and that lack emotional stimulus.
Both emotions and mood together form affect which is a generic term which covers a broad range of feelings that people experience.
Emotions are reactions to an object, not a trait. They are objecting specific. A person shows his emotions which he is happy about something angry at someone or afraid of something. Moods on the other hand are not directed to a n object. Emotions can turn into moods when one loses focus on the contextual object.
Related to emotions is emotional labor which refers to a situation in which an employee expresses organizationally desired emotions during interpersonal transactions. Emotional labor creates dilemmas for employees when their job requires them to exhibit emotions that are incongruous with their actual feelings. Hence there can be felt emotions and displayed emotion. Felt emotions are individuals actual emotions. In contrast, displayed emotions are those that are organizationally required and considered appropriate in a given job. They are not innate, they are learned e.g. We are expected to a ct sad the funerals regardless of whether we consider the persons death to be a loss, and to pretend to be happy at weddings even if we don’t feel like celebrating.
EMOTION DIMENSIONS
Varity:- Emotions can either be positive or negative. Positive emotions-like happiness and hope express a favorable evolution or feeling. Negative emotions like anger or hate express the opposite emotions can not be neutral. Being neutral is non emotional. Importantly, negative emotions seem to have a greater effect on individuals. Research has identified six universal emotion:- anger, fear, sadness, happiness, disgust and surprise.
Intensity:- People give different responses to identifiable emotion provoking stimuli. In some cases this can be attributed to the individual’s personality. Other times it is result of the job requirements. People vary in their inherent ability to express intensity. There are some individual who almost never show their feelings. They rarely get angry. They never show rage. In contrast, there are some individuals who seem to be on an emotional roller-coaster. When they are happy, they are ecstatic. Where they are sad, they are deeply depressed. And two people can be in the same situation- one showing excitement and joy, the remaining calm and collected.
Jobs make different intensity demands in terms of emotions labor. For instance, judges and air traffic controllers are expected to be calm and controlled, even in stressful situations. Conversely the effectiveness of public address announces at sporting events and lowers can depend on their ability to alter their displayed emotional intensity as the need arises.
Frequency and duration:- Emotional labor that requires high frequency or long durations is more demanding and requires more exertion by employees. So whether an employee can successfully meet the emotional demands of a given job depends not only on what emotions need to be displayed and their intensity, but also on how frequently and for how long the effort has to be made.
Gender and emotions:- The evidence does confirm differences between men and women when it comes to emotional reactions and ability to read others, In contrasting the genders, women show greater emotional expressions than men, they experience emotions more intensely and they display more frequent expressions of both positive and negative emotions except anger. In contras to men, women also report more comfort in expressing emotions. Finally women cusses than are men. Women have more innate ability to read others and present their emotions then do men.
Emotional intelligence:- (EI) refers to an assortment of non cognitive skills, capabilities and competencies that influence a person’s ability to successes in coping with environmental demands and pressures. It is a compound of five dimensions.
• Self awareness:- Being aware of what you are feeling .
• Self management:- The ability to manage one’s own emotions and impulses.
• Self motivation:- The ability to persist in the face of setbacks and failures.
• Empathy:- The ability to sense how others are feeling.
• Social skills:- The ability to handle the emotions of others.
Several students suggest that EI may play an important role in job performance. Top performance recruiters exhibit high levels of EI. The implications from the initial evidences on EI is that employers should consider it as a factor in selection, especially in jobs that demand a high degree of social interaction.
Given the same objective data, we should expect people may make different choices when they are angry and stressed out then when they are clam and collected. Negative emotions can result in a limited search for new alternatives and less vigilant use of information. On the other hand, positive emotions can increase problem solving skills and facilitate the integrations of information.
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